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The 9 main patterns
| 1) Normal Blood Pressure
Blood pressure fluctuates over 24 hours within an optimum range (green band) as shown in the diagram, forming a unique blood pressure pattern. The heart rate is also being tracked over 24 hours and it is closely related to the activities of the patients including sleep. |
Normal Blood Pressure
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2)White Coat Hypertension Generally, the BP falls within the normal range, except when the BP is being measured in the doctor’s clinic, where it is elevated. About 20% - 25% of hypertension cases are White Coat Hypertension. The heart rate is also being tracked over 24 hours and it is closely related to the activities of the patients including sleep. Individualized treatment may be started after careful evaluation of other cardiovascular risk factors, and include lifestyle changes and close monitoring.
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White Coat Hypertension |
3) Borderline Hypertension One moment your readings are normal, whereas other times, they are high. You could be wondering what is wrong, you or the measuring device. Chances are that you could be borderline hypertensive, where your BP is hovering between normal and high. The heart rate is also being tracked over 24 hours and it is closely related to the activities of the patients including sleep. Bring your 24-hours BP pattern to your doctor and he will decide if you should be treated after evaluating your other risk factors.
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Borderline Hypertension
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4) Nocturnal Hypertension With this pattern, the BP readings are normal during the daytime, and are high only when the person goes to sleep at night.Many stroke victims have this BP pattern. The heart rate is also being tracked over 24 hours and it is closely related to the activities of the patients including sleep. You may never know you have this BP pattern unless you have your 24-hours BP pattern traced.
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Nocturnal Hypertension
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5) Systolic and Diastolic High with Night-time Dip Both the systolic and diastolic BP are high but you have not lost your circadian rhythm, where your BP dips by 10% - 15% while you are asleep. The heart rate is also being tracked over 24 hours and it is closely related to the activities of the patients including sleep. Your BP can be restored with the appropriate long-acting drug at adequate dosages. |
Systolic and Diastolic High with Night-time Dip
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6) Systolic and Diastolic High without Night-time Dip (Non-Dipper) Both the systolic and diastolic BP are high; however, this pattern does not have the 10% - 15% dip during the night. The heart rate is also being tracked over 24 hours and it is closely related to the activities of the patients including sleep. |
Systolic and Diastolic High without Night-time Dip
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7) Isolated Systolic Hypertension This pattern clearly shows that the systolic BP is high, whereas the diastolic BP is normal.Most elderly and people with hardened arteries have this BP pattern. The heart rate is also being tracked over 24 hours and it is closely related to the activities of the patients including sleep. Your doctor will aim to reduce your systolic BP while maintaining the diastolic BP. |
Isolated Systolic Hypertension
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8) Isolated Diastolic Hypertension This BP pattern is characterised by a normal systolic BP and a raised diastolic BP. The heart rate is also being tracked over 24 hours and it is closely related to the activities of the patients including sleep. The causes of this are many and varied. Your doctor will assess the underlying causes and your overall condition before recommending treatment. | Isolated Diastolic Hypertension
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9) White Coat Normal Tension It is also known as Masked Hypertension. It refers to patients who have normal clinic BP when they are seeing a doctor, but their ABPM patterns are abnormal and can be any of the abnormal patterns from no.3 to 8 as mentioned.
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